Common TCP/IP Applications
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Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

The dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) is the application responsible for requesting and offering IP addresses. A DHCP client automatically requests an IP address from a DHCP server when a network is detected. A DHCP server typically runs in a router and offers IP addresses to DHCP clients.

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DNS (Domain Name System)

A Domain Name System (DNS) enables us to browse to a website by providing the website or domain name instead of the website’s IP address.

It maps domain names to IP addresses. A network host needs the IP address (not the domain or host name) of the web server to generate a Packet.

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Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the most commonly used TCP/IP application as it transfers web pages from a web server to a web browser.

Web pages are written using HTML, which stands for Hypertext Markup Language. In other words, the HTTP is used to transfer HTML files.

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NetBIOS Name Service (NBNS)

NBNS stands for NetBIOS Name Service. It is used to translate host names on a local network to local IP addresses. This is similar to what DNS does on the Internet.

In this example, the name “Board_A” has been assigned to a network host. NBNS allows us to access this host by typing its host name into a browser instead of typing its IP address. It maps host names to IP addresses.

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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Your embedded device can be configured to send emails. SMTP would be used for this.

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Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

SNMP stands for Simple Network Management Protocol which manages network devices. It is primarily used to monitor network devices for conditions that may need a user's attention.

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Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP)

SNTP stands for Simple Network Time Protocol, which is a service that provides the time of day to network devices. Typical accuracy is in the range of hundreds of milliseconds.

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Telnet (Bi-directional serial text communication)

Telnet is an application that enables bi-directional text communication via a terminal application like HyperTerm or Tera Term.

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Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

TFTP is used to transfer files on a local network. It can be used to update firmware on an embedded device with a boot loader.

TFTP is a stripped down version of FTP. TFTP has no provisions for security, so it is only used on local networks. Files are transferred in blocks of 512 bytes with a maximum file transfer size of 4 GB.

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